SETT 2004 - Physics Exhibits

SETT Exhibition, Sept. 2004: List of physics exhibits
Dispersion of light with a white light Lumiled source	White Lumiled, RS £11 Adjustable single slit and holder Lens, f=100, dia=50 Wooden V holder Diffraction grating, 300/mm, Griffin XFY‑410‑A £55 White screen BBH power supply Clamp stand	Dispersion of light with a transmission grating	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 30
Dispersion of light with a white light Lumiled source Reconstitution of white light with second prism Use of second prism showing that light does not change colour when refracted	White Lumiled, RS £11 Adjustable slit with holder Single slit (1.5 mm width) and holder Lens, f=100, dia=50 Wooden V holder 2 x 60° flint glass, or SF18 glass, prisms White screen BBH power supply Clamp stand	Newton's experimentum crucis: Dispersion of light with prisms	Draft notes on prisms and LSD (Summer 2004)
Indoors rainbow with LSD and a prism	White Lumiled, RS £11 Adjustable slit with holder LSD (40° x 0.5°) and holder Lens, f=100, dia=50 Wooden V holder 60° flint glass prism White screen BBH power supply Clamp stand	Use LSD to produce a pencil of diffuse light which is refracted with a prism. Because of 2 rotations and one refraction, the result is an artificial rainbow.	Draft notes on prisms and LSD (Summer 2004)
Indoors rainbow with a white light Lumiled source and spherical flask of water	White Lumiled, RS £11 Lens, f=100, dia=75 Wooden V holder 100 ml round bottomed flask Screen with 100 mm hole BBH power supply 2 x clamp stands	Model rainbow, using a single round-bottomed flask to generate the deviation and dispersion of light.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 31 Bulletin 188, pp14-15
Indoors rainbow with white light Lumiled source and a raft of glass spheres	White Lumiled, RS £11 Lens to diverge light Tray, 1 m², with side rails, and black face Glass beads, about 0.3 mm dia. Stands	Model rainbow using a raft of glass beads to deviate and disperse light.	Glass beads from ISPC Surface Preparation, for vapour blasting Use Spray Mount as adhesive
Sodium absorption spectrum with a white light Lumiled source	White Lumiled, RS £11 2 x Lens, f=100, dia=50 2 x Wooden V holder 2 x half bricks Spectroscope (DJB D2‑3210.05 £42) Filter paper Sodium chloride solution Gas blowtorch, matches BBH power supply 3 x clamp stands	Sodium absorption and emission lines	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 33 Bulletin 212 (pdf - big file)
Colour mixing with RGB Lumileds	Red, green and blue Lumileds, £9‑£11 each FifeX colour mixer with plugtop power supply 3 x LSD, circular, 10° White screen Perspex screen CD with electrical tape Stand with 3 clamps	Colour mixing: subtraction of primary colours The primary colour disappears when a gel with its complementary colour is placed in front of the LED source	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 34 Bulletin 210
Colour mixing with LEDs	Red, green and blue Lumileds, £9‑£11 each BBH power supply 3 x switches, RGB White screen Black screen with 100 mm hole 2 x Stands with 3 clamps	Colour mixing: addition of primary colours	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 34 Bulletin 210
Colour mixing using ping pong balls as the mixer and diffuser – Complementary colours	Ping pong ball with RGB LEDs and mixer circuit BBH power supply Coloured gels (cyan, magenta, yellow) Spectroscope Stands for ping pong balls, gels and spectroscope	Colour mixing Complementary colours	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 36/37
Colour mixing using ping pong balls as the mixer and diffuser – Perception of yellow	Ping pong ball with red and green LEDs and mixer circuit or switches (RG) Ping pong ball with yellow LED BBH power supply Coloured gels (red & green) Spectroscope Stands for ping pong balls, gels and spectroscope	Colour mixing Colour perception (of yellow)	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 36
Colour mixing with different LED sources and binary counter	Ping pong ball diffuser with RGB LEDs RGB LED array Oscillator and binary counter · Alpha board 15 Pulse Generator · Alpha board 125 Counter BBH power supply Ground glass diffuser Lens holder Ping pong ball stand	The 3-bit signal from the encoder cycles through RGB and additive mixtures	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 37
Colour mixing with coloured LED radiation in a tank of water	Green and red Lumileds 2 x switches (RG) BBH power supply Tank, transparent Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica)	Beams of red and green radiation are directed into a tank of water doped to increase the scattering. Colour addition occurs. The relative effects of wavelength on scattering may also be seen.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 38
Colour mixing with coloured LED radiation in a tank of water	Blue and red Lumileds 2 x switches (RB) BBH power supply Tank, transparent Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica)	Beams of red and blue radiation are directed into a tank of water doped to increase the scattering. Colour addition occurs. The relative effects of wavelength on scattering may also be seen.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 38
Colour mixing with spinning wheel (Newton's disc)	Newton's disc (Leybold or Frederiksen) Motor, 12 V, (Frederiksen) Power supply, LT, variable BBH power supply White lumiled LSD, circular, 10° Unilab optics holder 2 x clamp stands Alpha boards: · Pulse Generator 15 · Counter 125 · D-type Flip Flop 108 · High Power Driver 46	Colour mixing – perception of white by mixing all of the colours of the spectrum
Surface coloration	Red, green and blue Lumileds with dimmer circuit BBH power supply Ground glass diffuser Holder Clamp stand Card with red, green and blue rectangles Card with cyan, magenta and yellow recatangles	Different coloured surfaces (paper) are irradiated with diffuse coloured light and the appearance noted. The CMY rectangles turn black when illuminated by the complementary colour.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 40 Bulletin 210
What colour is a banana?	Red and green Lumileds Yellow Lumiled 3 x switches (RGY) BBH power supply Ground glass diffuser Holder Bunch of bananas 3 x clamp stands	The banana is irradiated in turn by red, green, red and green, and yellow radiation.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 40
Lasers: Newton's rings	Unilab HeNe laser Convex meniscus lens Screen Lens holder, x-y movement Laser stand or lab jack	Class demonstration of Newton's rings To show that when 2 coherent light sources superpose, interference occurs	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 41 Bulletin 191
Lasers: ray optics - Rainbow formation	Circular block PASCO ray optics laser system	Ray optics demonstrations on a plane surface illustrating the dispersion of light in a circular, transparent block.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 42 Bulletin 188
Lasers: ray optics	DJB RayZer Lightbox D1‑2000.00 £67 DJB plugtop power supply Nakamura smoked lenses set (Frederiksen, 2912.00, £111)	Ray optics demonstrations on a plane surface making the point that we do not know what happens to the momentum of a photon when it travels from one medium into another.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 42 Bulletin 188
Lasers	Griffin HeNe laser Large water tank Scattering medium (Ludox) Sugar solution doped with Ludox Large funnel with rubber tubing	Ray optics demonstrations in a fluid	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 43 Bulletin 190, pp 13-14
LED spectral source	15 LED array Diffraction grating Frederiksen spectroscope 2 x stands and clamps	To view array through a grating at 2 m and compare spectra.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 44 Bulletin 206, p14
UV LEDs	UV LED Paper Diffraction grating Lens, f=50 mm, dia.=38 mm	Demonstrations of fluorescence, reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference.	Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 46 Bulletin 206, p15
Entrapment of light in a flow of water pouring from a spout by total internal reflection (Tyndall's experiment)	PASCO Cylindrical Tank Laser Lab jack Water tank Tray Submersible pump LT supply, variable voltage Tubing, PVC bubble-tubing, ¼” ID, 3/8” OD Blu tac	Direct laser radiation into the outlet of a water tank showing the effect.	Bulletin 140, p16
Reflection of laser beam in water	Laser Tank, transparent Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica) Rotatable mirror (Frederiksen)	Demonstrations of reflectance off a surface and total internal reflection	Bulletin 190, p13
Production of flashes of light triggered by background radioactivity	GM tube and counter with TTL output (Frederiksen) High frequency oscillator 6-bit digital counter triggered by random pulses from radioactivity counter Bank of 6 coloured 1 W Lumileds, lambertian optics (uniform radiant intensity across a solid angle of 2pi) MOSFETs to drive Lumileds White screen BBH power supply, 5 V, 1 A Power supply for counter, 9 V	Bank of six 1 W coloured LEDs directed at a white screen 1 metre distant. LEDs triggered to light up for a period of 1 second by random pulses from a radioactivity counter set up to monitor background radiation. Electronic circuit selects which coloured LED to light by randomised process.	----

SETT Exhibition, Sept. 2004: List of physics exhibits

Theme

Apparatus

Experiment or Demonstration

Published references

(Most recent references listed)

Dispersion of light with a white light Lumiled source

White Lumiled, RS £11

Adjustable single slit and holder

Lens, f=100, dia=50

Wooden V holder

Diffraction grating, 300/mm, Griffin XFY‑410‑A £55

White screen

BBH power supply

Clamp stand

Dispersion of light with a transmission grating

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 30

Dispersion of light with a white light Lumiled source

Reconstitution of white light with second prism

Use of second prism showing that light does not change colour when refracted

White Lumiled, RS £11

Adjustable slit with holder

Single slit (1.5 mm width) and holder

Lens, f=100, dia=50

Wooden V holder

2 x 60° flint glass, or SF18 glass, prisms

White screen

BBH power supply

Clamp stand

Newton's experimentum crucis:

Dispersion of light with prisms

Draft notes on prisms and LSD (Summer 2004)

Indoors rainbow with LSD and a prism

White Lumiled, RS £11

Adjustable slit with holder

LSD (40° x 0.5°) and holder

Lens, f=100, dia=50

Wooden V holder

60° flint glass prism

White screen

BBH power supply

Clamp stand

Use LSD to produce a pencil of diffuse light which is refracted with a prism. Because of 2 rotations and one refraction, the result is an artificial rainbow.

Draft notes on prisms and LSD (Summer 2004)

Indoors rainbow with a white light Lumiled source and spherical flask of water

White Lumiled, RS £11

Lens, f=100, dia=75

Wooden V holder

100 ml round bottomed flask

Screen with 100 mm hole

BBH power supply

2 x clamp stands

Model rainbow, using a single round-bottomed flask to generate the deviation and dispersion of light.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 31

Bulletin 188, pp14-15

Indoors rainbow with white light Lumiled source and a raft of glass spheres

White Lumiled, RS £11

Lens to diverge light

Tray, 1 m², with side rails, and black face

Glass beads, about 0.3 mm dia.

Stands

Model rainbow using a raft of glass beads to deviate and disperse light.

Glass beads from ISPC Surface Preparation, for vapour blasting

Use Spray Mount as adhesive

Sodium absorption spectrum with a white light Lumiled source

White Lumiled, RS £11

2 x Lens, f=100, dia=50

2 x Wooden V holder

2 x half bricks

Spectroscope

(DJB D2‑3210.05 £42)

Filter paper

Sodium chloride solution

Gas blowtorch, matches

BBH power supply

3 x clamp stands

Sodium absorption and emission lines

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 33

Bulletin 212 (pdf - big file)

Colour mixing with RGB Lumileds

Red, green and blue Lumileds, £9‑£11 each

FifeX colour mixer with plugtop power supply

3 x LSD, circular, 10°

White screen

Perspex screen

CD with electrical tape

Stand with 3 clamps

Colour mixing: subtraction of primary colours

The primary colour disappears when a gel with its complementary colour is placed in front of the LED source

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 34

Bulletin 210

Colour mixing with LEDs

Red, green and blue Lumileds, £9‑£11 each

BBH power supply

3 x switches, RGB

White screen

Black screen with 100 mm hole

2 x Stands with 3 clamps

Colour mixing: addition of primary colours

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 34

Bulletin 210

Colour mixing using ping pong balls as the mixer and diffuser – Complementary colours

Ping pong ball with RGB LEDs and mixer circuit

BBH power supply

Coloured gels (cyan, magenta, yellow)

Spectroscope

Stands for ping pong balls, gels and spectroscope

Colour mixing

Complementary colours

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 36/37

Colour mixing using ping pong balls as the mixer and diffuser – Perception of yellow

Ping pong ball with red and green LEDs and mixer circuit or switches (RG)

Ping pong ball with yellow LED

BBH power supply

Coloured gels (red & green)

Spectroscope

Stands for ping pong balls, gels and spectroscope

Colour mixing

Colour perception (of yellow)

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 36

Colour mixing with different LED sources and binary counter

Ping pong ball diffuser with RGB LEDs

RGB LED array

Oscillator and binary counter

· Alpha board 15 Pulse Generator

· Alpha board 125 Counter

BBH power supply

Ground glass diffuser

Lens holder

Ping pong ball stand

The 3-bit signal from the encoder cycles through RGB and additive mixtures

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 37

Colour mixing with coloured LED radiation in a tank of water

Green and red Lumileds

2 x switches (RG)

BBH power supply

Tank, transparent

Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica)

Beams of red and green radiation are directed into a tank of water doped to increase the scattering. Colour addition occurs.

The relative effects of wavelength on scattering may also be seen.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 38

Colour mixing with coloured LED radiation in a tank of water

Blue and red Lumileds

2 x switches (RB)

BBH power supply

Tank, transparent

Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica)

Beams of red and blue radiation are directed into a tank of water doped to increase the scattering. Colour addition occurs.

The relative effects of wavelength on scattering may also be seen.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 38

Colour mixing with spinning wheel

(Newton's disc)

Newton's disc (Leybold or Frederiksen)

Motor, 12 V, (Frederiksen)

Power supply, LT, variable

BBH power supply

White lumiled

LSD, circular, 10°

Unilab optics holder

2 x clamp stands

Alpha boards:

· Pulse Generator 15

· Counter 125

· D-type Flip Flop 108

· High Power Driver 46

Colour mixing – perception of white by mixing all of the colours of the spectrum

Surface coloration

Red, green and blue Lumileds with dimmer circuit

BBH power supply

Ground glass diffuser

Holder

Clamp stand

Card with red, green and blue rectangles

Card with cyan, magenta and yellow recatangles

Different coloured surfaces (paper) are irradiated with diffuse coloured light and the appearance noted.

The CMY rectangles turn black when illuminated by the complementary colour.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 40

Bulletin 210

What colour is a banana?

Red and green Lumileds

Yellow Lumiled

3 x switches (RGY)

BBH power supply

Ground glass diffuser

Holder

Bunch of bananas

3 x clamp stands

The banana is irradiated in turn by red, green, red and green, and yellow radiation.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 40

Lasers: Newton's rings

Unilab HeNe laser

Convex meniscus lens

Screen

Lens holder, x-y movement

Laser stand or lab jack

Class demonstration of Newton's rings

To show that when 2 coherent light sources superpose, interference occurs

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 41

Bulletin 191

Lasers: ray optics

- Rainbow formation

Circular block

PASCO ray optics laser system

Ray optics demonstrations on a plane surface illustrating the dispersion of light in a circular, transparent block.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 42

Bulletin 188

Lasers: ray optics

DJB RayZer Lightbox D1‑2000.00 £67

DJB plugtop power supply

Nakamura smoked lenses set (Frederiksen, 2912.00, £111)

Ray optics demonstrations on a plane surface making the point that we do not know what happens to the momentum of a photon when it travels from one medium into another.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 42

Bulletin 188

Lasers

Griffin HeNe laser

Large water tank

Scattering medium (Ludox)

Sugar solution doped with Ludox

Large funnel with rubber tubing

Ray optics demonstrations in a fluid

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 43

Bulletin 190, pp 13-14

LED spectral source

15 LED array

Diffraction grating

Frederiksen spectroscope

2 x stands and clamps

To view array through a grating at 2 m and compare spectra.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 44

Bulletin 206, p14

UV LEDs

UV LED

Paper

Diffraction grating

Lens, f=50 mm, dia.=38 mm

Demonstrations of fluorescence, reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference.

Physics Summer School lab notes (2004) 46

Bulletin 206, p15

Entrapment of light in a flow of water pouring from a spout by total internal reflection

(Tyndall's experiment)

PASCO Cylindrical Tank

Laser

Lab jack

Water tank

Tray

Submersible pump

LT supply, variable voltage

Tubing, PVC bubble-tubing, ¼” ID, 3/8” OD

Blu tac

Direct laser radiation into the outlet of a water tank showing the effect.

Bulletin 140, p16

Reflection of laser beam in water

Laser

Tank, transparent

Scattering medium (Ludox, or colloidal silica)

Rotatable mirror (Frederiksen)

Demonstrations of reflectance off a surface and total internal reflection

Bulletin 190, p13

Production of flashes of light triggered by background radioactivity

GM tube and counter with TTL output (Frederiksen)

High frequency oscillator

6-bit digital counter triggered by random pulses from radioactivity counter

Bank of 6 coloured 1 W Lumileds, lambertian optics (uniform radiant intensity across a solid angle of 2pi)

MOSFETs to drive Lumileds

White screen

BBH power supply, 5 V, 1 A

Power supply for counter, 9 V

Bank of six 1 W coloured LEDs directed at a white screen 1 metre distant. LEDs triggered to light up for a period of 1 second by random pulses from a radioactivity counter set up to monitor background radiation. Electronic circuit selects which coloured LED to light by randomised process.

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